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Can A Mute Person Learn To Speak

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Medical condition

Muteness
Specialty Neurology, psychiatry Edit this on Wikidata

Muteness or mutism (from Latin mutus 'silent') is defined equally an absence of voice communication while conserving or maintaining the ability to hear the spoken language of others.[1] Mutism is typically understood as a person's inability to speak, and commonly observed by their family members, caregivers, teachers, doctors or oral communication and language pathologists. It may not exist a permanent condition, depending on the cause, which might be physical, medical, organic, psychological, developmental, neurological or traumatic.[2] A specific concrete inability or communication disorder can be diagnosed. Loss of previously normal speech (aphasia) can exist due to accidents, disease or surgical complication; information technology is rarely for psychological reasons.

Treatment or direction also varies past crusade, determined after a speech cess.[three] Handling can sometimes restore speech. If not, a range of assistive and augmentative communication devices are available.

Organic causes [edit]

Organic causes of mutism may stem from several unlike sources. One crusade of muteness may exist problems with the physiology involved in speech, for example, the oral fissure or natural language.[4] Mutism may be due to apraxia, that is, issues with coordination of muscles involved in speech communication.[5] Another crusade may be a medical status impacting the physical structures involved in oral communication, for case, loss of phonation due to the injury, paralysis, or illness of the larynx.[6] Anarthria is a severe form of dysarthria. The coordination of movements of the mouth and tongue or the conscious coordination of the lungs are damaged.[vii]

Neurological impairment due to stroke may cause loss or harm of speech, termed aphasia. Neurological impairment or problems with development of the expanse of the brain involved in speech production, Broca's area, may cause muteness.[8] Trauma or injury to Broca'due south area, located in the left inferior frontal cortex of the brain, can cause muteness.[9] Muteness may follow encephalon surgery. For case, there is a spectrum of possible neurobehavioural deficits in the posterior fossa syndrome in children post-obit cerebellar tumor surgery.[10]

Psychological causes [edit]

When children practice not speak, psychological problems or emotional stress, such as anxiety, may be involved. Children may non speak due to suffering from selective mutism. Selective mutism is a condition in which the child speaks only in certain situations or with certain people, such equally close family members.[11] Cess is needed to rule out possible disease or other conditions and to determine treatment.[12] Prevalence is low, but not as rare every bit once thought.[13] Selective mutism should non be confused with a child who does not speak and cannot speak due to physical disabilities. It is common for symptoms to occur before the age of v. Not all children express the same symptoms.

Selective mutism may occur in conjunction with autism spectrum disorder or other diagnoses.[fourteen] Differential diagnosis betwixt selective mutism and linguistic communication filibuster associated with autism or other disorders is needed to determine advisable treatment.

Adults who previously had speech and subsequently ceased talking may not speak for psychological or emotional reasons, though this is rare as a cause for adults.[15] Absenteeism or paucity of speech in adults may also be associated with specific psychiatric disorders.[16]

Developmental and neurological causes [edit]

Absence of speech in children may involve advice disorders or language delays. Communication disorders or developmental language delays may occur for several dissimilar reasons.[17] [eighteen]

Language delays may be associated with other developmental delays.[19] For example, children with Downward syndrome oft have impaired language and spoken communication.[20] [21]

Children with autism, categorized equally a neurodevelopmental disorder in the DSM-V, oft demonstrate linguistic communication delays.[22] [23] Recent studies have found that autistic children with language delays are frequently more able to benefit from treatment services to assistance build linguistic communication than was previously believed.[24]

Handling [edit]

For language delays or advice disorders in children, early assessment is useful.[25] Language delays may impact expressive language, receptive linguistic communication, or both. Communication disorders may affect articulation, fluency (stuttering) and other specified and unspecified communication disorders. Treatment focuses on the diagnosed condition. For example, speech and language services may focus on the production of spoken communication sounds for children with phonological challenges.[26] [27] [28]

For toddlers with language filibuster or speech absence who may also exist autistic, early intervention services focusing on speech product tin can aid.[29] Intervention services and treatment programs accept been specifically developed for autistic children with language delays. For case, pivotal response handling is a well-established and researched intervention that includes family participation.[30] Mark Sundberg's verbal behavior framework is some other well-established cess and treatment modality that is incorporated into many applied behavior analysis (ABA) early intervention treatment programs for immature children with autism and advice challenges.[31]

Treatment for absence of speech due to apraxia, involves cess, and, based on the assessment, occupational therapy, concrete therapy, and/or spoken language therapy.[32] [33] [34] Treatment for selective mutism involves cess, counseling, and positive supports.[35] Handling for absence of voice communication in adults who previously had speech involves assessment to make up one's mind cause, including medical and surgery related causes, followed by advisable treatment or management. Treatment may involve counseling, or rehabilitation services, depending upon cause of loss of voice communication.[36] [37]

Direction [edit]

Management involves the use of appropriate assistive devices, called alternative and augmentative communications. Suitability and appropriateness of modality will depend on users' physical abilities and cognitive functioning.[38]

Augmentative and culling advice technology ranges from elaborated software for tablets to enable complex advice with an auditory component to less technologically involved strategies. For case, a common method involves the use of pictures that tin can be fastened to velcro strips to create an attainable communication modality that does not require the cerebral or fine motor skills needed to dispense a tablet.[39]

Spoken communication-generating devices tin help people with speech deficiencies associated with medical weather that touch on speech communication, advice disorders that impair speech, or surgeries that have impacted spoken communication. Voice communication-generating devices proceed to improve in ease of utilise.[40]

See also [edit]

  • Aphasia
  • Aphonia
  • Augmentative and alternative advice
  • Autism
  • Deafness
  • Developmental disability
  • Dysarthria
  • Dyslalia
  • Speech delay
  • Vocal cord paresis

References [edit]

  1. ^ Grippo, J.; Vergel, Thousand. F.; Comar, H.; Grippo, T. (2001). "[Mutism in children]". Revista de Neurología. 32 (three): 244–246. doi:10.33588/rn.3203.2000376. ISSN 0210-0010. PMID 11310279.
  2. ^ Grippo, J.; Vergel, M. F.; Comar, H.; Grippo, T. (2001). "[Mutism in children]". Revista de Neurología. 32 (3): 244–246. doi:10.33588/rn.3203.2000376. ISSN 0210-0010. PMID 11310279.
  3. ^ CDC (2019-01-thirty). "Language and Speech Disorders in Children | CDC". Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Retrieved 2020-04-10 .
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  10. ^ Catsman-Berrevoets, Coriene E.; Aarsen, Feke K. (2010). "The spectrum of neurobehavioural deficits in the Posterior Fossa Syndrome in children after cerebellar tumour surgery". Cortex; A Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous Organisation and Behavior. 46 (7): 933–946. doi:x.1016/j.cortex.2009.10.007. ISSN 1973-8102. PMID 20116053. S2CID 206983595.
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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muteness

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